Relação das anomalias de TSM do Pacífico e Atlântico Tropicais com anomalias de temperatura, umidade e vento para a América do Sul.

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to analyze the correlations between of the Pacific and Atlantic tropical ocean sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) with the anomalies of the air temperature, specific humidity and divergence of the wind for three specific atmospheric levels in the South America. Data of reanalysis of NCEP/NECAR were used, among the period from 1948 to 2007. A filtering of the monthly series accomplished for the obtaining of relevant events of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Meridional Gradient in accordance with the intensity criterion. The positive and negative correlations of the studied fields presented superior values of 0,7. In cases of positive correlation in years of El Niño (La Niña)/Gradient directed to North (South) indicates that the atmosphere is more (minus) heated up, more (minus) humid and presenting mass divergence (convergence). For the negative cases of correlation, in years of El Niño (La Niña) with Northward (Southward) inclination the atmosphere, of this time, it is less (plus) heated up and humid with mass convergence (divergence).