Proposta de dimensionamento da estação de tratamento de esgoto da comunidade Vila do Antônio/CE.

Abstract

The history of the development of basic sanitation in Brazil over time occurred in a disorganized and fragmented way, which resulted in the current scenario of precariousness of this system, especially when it comes to sanitary sewage. Many Brazilian cities do not have sewage systems (SES) that collect, transport and treat sewage in a way that preserves the environment and promotes the well-being of the population. The Vila do Antônico community in the city of Quixelô/CE is one more case among many that have an inefficient and inadequate effluent treatment system, promoting consequences such as contamination of the soil, water bodies and the potentialization of the proliferation of waterborne diseases. Given this scenario, the present work aimed to propose a viable alternative for an Effluent Treatment Station (ETE), with all the necessary elements for its functionality and efficient operation, in addition to indicating the most appropriate place for the final destination of this effluent. For the construction of this study, a population study was initially carried out with a future projection of 20 years, then the sizing of the treatment units of the ETE was carried out, which was chosen an Australian Treatment System (grating, sand trap, Parshall gutter, lagoon anaerobic and facultative pond), in order to adapt to the characteristics of the community, finally, an analysis and study of the most appropriate place for the release of the treated effluent was carried out. The ETE presented estimated data on the removal of BOD, Fecal Coliforms and helminth eggs within the standards required by environmental legislation, which allowed the effluent to be discharged into Class 2 and 3 water bodies. The ETE implantation site presented favorable and adequate characteristics for operationalization, functionality, maintenance, accessibility over the years and proximity to the receiving body.