Análise geoambiental do ecossistema manguezal: a determinação da assinatura energética do Estuário do Rio Timbó.

Abstract

Mangroves are ecosystems present in estuarine regions. They help with environmental quality and provide various ecosystem services, being present in tropical and subtropical areas. Several laws were created around the world and in Brazil, with the intention of mitigating its suppression. Biotic and abiotic factors are responsible for printing an energetic signature, called derived forces, where one exerts more influence, called tensor. Therefore, the following questions arise: What is the energy signature of your Estuary? How do the environmental and anthropogenic variables present influence the development and zonation of mangrove species present in the region's mangroves? What is the tensioner? A geoenvironmental analysis of the Basin and field work in its Estuary were carried out, with phytosociological analysis of mangrove specimens present in 10 pre-defined points, in addition to soil collection for physical-chemical evaluation of its composition in the same places. The Timbó River Basin has an area of 9,546.26 ha, exorheic drainage, compactness index of 2.183 and sinuosity index of 1.29, being considered to have a low tendency to floods and low sinuosity. It has altitudes between 5 and 115 m, and slopes between 3 and 75%. The predominant geological formations are Barreiras and Gramame, with emphasis on the greater presence of Oxisols and Argisols in their area. Urban occupation is present mainly in low altitude regions, with emphasis on the estuarine area. Monospecific forests of R. mangle with 100% IVC were found in areas close to the outlet and mixed forests upstream, where it was possible to perceive the action of salinity on the zonation of the species, as well as the anthropic pressure arising from the deposition of effluents and occupation of areas of mangrove.