Impactos de vizinhança e tecnologia no desmonte de rocha para terraplenagem em área urbana de Campina Grande-PB

Abstract

Rock dismantling is an essential activity for carrying out earthworks, it contributes to economic development and is essential for mining and civil construction activities. However, this practice is not free from neighborhood impacts such as noise pollution and ground vibration. In this context, the present research was carried out with the aim of analyzing the impacts of neighborhood and application of technology in rock dismantling in an urban area of Campina Grande-PB. Monitoring was carried out throughout the dismantling process in three (3) works, characterizing each project, identifying the techniques, quantity of explosive and material removed from the dismantling, use of seismographs to analyze vibration and noise inserted at strategic points. To reduce impacts such as vibration, ultralaunches and atmospheric overpressure, the implementation of the T-REX detonator as an initiator and the ground cover to muffle the detonation were analyzed in this research. After identifying all stages of the dismantling process, a neighborhood impact matrix was constructed. The volume dismantled in Work A1, A2 and A3 was 857.31 m³, 3,735.58 m³ and 2,918.29 m³, respectively. Around 62% of its detonation phase indicators are considered to have a high negative impact. While drilling accounts for 19% of these indicators, they are being raised. The high neighborhood impact occurs in the detonation phase, which was observed in the matrix analysis, but around 42% of total interactions were non-significant, due to the use of sustainable technologies applied in this research, achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.