Processos sociais de subalternização do pequeno agricultor à empresa agrícola no perímetro irrigado Senador Nilo Coelho em Petrolina-PE.

Abstract

The development of public irrigated perimeter in the Vale do São Francisco ocurred in the second half of the twentieth century, marked by intense involvement of the state, they are part of the policies responsible for the economic takeoff in the Northeast region of the country. The Irrigated Perimeter Senator Nilo Coelho in the city of Petrolina, Pernambuco, is currently one of the largest public irrigation perimeters of Brazil, having emerged in the 1980s, with the purpose of modernizing agricultural production in such a spatiality. Along with other irrigation projects developed in San FranciscoValley Municipality, the Senator Nilho Coelho irrigation project promoted the enhancement of fruit-based agricultural , targeted at foreign markets. The formation of productive spaces similar to the Senator Nilo Coelho Perimeter, where you find an intense dynamic of internal economic relations, ie, arising from the exchange within the spaces of the project itself is a tendency of modern agriculture found in the social space to be analyzed. This study aimes to capture some of these relational dynamics. The focus in this case revolves around the understanding of the processes of subordination arising from commercial relations between smallholder farmers of the acerola fruit and agribusinesses factories that process a concentrated form of the fruit, intended to supply other industries outside of Brazil such as cosmetics, medicine and supplements. This research uses data collection tools such as interviews and questionnaires; 51 questionnaires were applied in the productive Nucleus ofN-04 in the Perimeter Senator Nilo Coelho, and 10 interviews with producers were also conducted. In addition, data were collected in official institutions responsible for managing the current scope and technical assistance . The said sample was chosen in order to include the highest number possible of small producers cultivating acerola and by having the largest area planted under PISNC. The present study gives light to the reality that the subordinate status emerging from the relationship between small producers and agribusinesses are quite high and ends up being crucial in the reproduction of capital for agribusinesses. Furthermore, it was revealed that the links between these two groups of social actors has a strong tendency to perpetuate historically, and in the proccess, this dynamic ultimately strengthens some and weakens others.