Otimização dos usos múltiplos em pequenos açudes na bacia do açude de Sumé-PB.

Abstract

Water resources are extremely important for the socioeconomic development of diverse societies worldwide, as well as for preservation of human and animal life. This situation is no different for the semi-arid Northeast, in particular, Paraiba, which still has a value of "feeling" for the suffering of its people caused by the scarcity of resources in the region. Given the scarcity of water coming from climatological factors, physical and uses of water resources that characterize the semi-arid of Paraiba and the excessive number of construction of small dams upstream of the reservoirs larger, there is a need to implement a policy to manage and provide a better use of water resources of small dams that are inserted in the Basin Dam of Sumé. The objective of this research has made use of ORNAP, model optimization based on linear programming, is to evaluate the behavior of the water system and at the same time, optimizing the potential uses of water resources in order to promote the better use of resources. We used 10 years series of hydromeasured data or generated by SMAP (model type rainfall-runoff) were used as planning scenarios of the uses of water resources, with different order of priorities of care that involves supply and feed , fish farming and irrigated agriculture. The results were analyzed in terms of performance indicators, risk and sustainability, and helped confirm that there is scope for better use of water from small dams so that it runs better socio-economic development of the region. These results may also give grants to governing bodies for the establishment of operational policies of use of water availability, either to meet existing uses or possible uses to be deployed, such as irrigation and fish farming, as well as motivation for the acquisition of hydraulic and hydro-data more accurate.