O reconhecimento político do movimento LGBT no Brasil: uma análise do processo e das representações de ativistas acerca dos seus efeitos.

Abstract

Our goal in this Thesis is to analyze the processes by which is established a relationship between the state and the LGBT movement in Brazil during the mandates of President Lula (2004-2012), in order to produce a set of actions, programs and public policies aimed at demands for recognition in terms of LGBT rights and citizenship. We also analyze the representations of a random sample of activists of this movement on the effects of political recognition obtained under that government. We present a brief historical-essayistic approach of the homosexual movement in Brazil, with the aim of analyzing the sociogenesis of the social problem of divergent sexual and gender identities if considered the dominant heteronormative pattern. We take as the regulatory framework of that relationship the First National Conference LGBT and as the regulatory framework of public policies regarded to those segments, the Brazil Without Homophobia Program. The political recognition was analyzed based mainly on the theoretical contribution of Fraser (2001). In interpreting the empirical data we focused on the ways by which activists of the LGBT movement perceive and represent the effects of the political recognition they have obtained. The methodology included the analysis of official documents, the application of 100 forms and free interviews with actors recognized as significant to the movement focused on the topic here. Our interpretation of the recognition process involves two key elements: first, the idea that the Lula government was ahead of civil society, if it is considered in its general conformation. He expressed in their government programs and public policies designed to deal with the LGBT issue one set of positions whose social legitimating process is still ongoing. It could explain the difficulties he and the LGBT Movement have had in the relationship with the Brazilian Parliament; and the second, the idea that this movement became, in the process of political recognition, an object of the population government (FOUCAULT, 2000), since the institutionalizing process implies in cooptation of its elite, who became transmission chains to the vision and lexical the government uses to deal with issues relating to the diversity of sexual orientations and gender.