A construção da representação política do MST na Bahia e sua contribuição ao processo de democratização da "ampla política"- uma experiência no fio da navalha.

Abstract

This thesis analyzes the experience of the MST in Bahia between 1987 and 2011, in the process of constructing the participation of its members, in the spaces of institutional political representation (executive and legislative) and its contribution to the process of democratization of the "broad politics". Through dialogue with Political Sociology, Political Anthropology and Political Science. it focuses the debate on democracy, understanding it as a process, therefore, as democratization; while political representation is perceived as a relationship between different people, diverse groups and is also an unfinished process, politics and understood as the result of human praxis. In this thesis, we sought to distance ourselves from the monolithic, dualist and segregationist readings of social reality. The past events seized, captured through the narratives of the subjects involved in this experience, constitute a rich reference material and a singular contribution in the construction of this thesis. Without these narratives, it would be very difficult to understand how the MST / BA was able to reconcile, in the current figurations, different strategies, such as acting in internationalist networks, among others, and entering the political field instituted, without abandoning its ideals through structural transformations. The dilemmas, contradictions, tensions, conflicts, ambiguities and learning resulting from this experience are part of a broad framework, presented along the thesis, alongside the main phenomena and dynamics, such as: a) the reconciliation of direct actions and the participation of the MST-Ba in the flow of relations proper to the established political field; b) explain the particularities of the MST-BA and PT relations for electoral disputes; c) examine the specificities of the conflicts and disagreements implied by the MST-Ba's decision to participate in the electoral process; d) stress the strategies for structuring electoral campaigns and the motivations of the settlers to support or refuse to support the candidacies from the MST-Ba; e) focuses on a set of agendas that express the strategies of representatives from the MST who work in the spaces established to protect their ties with the movement. This thesis stands alongside those who defend and see the participation of social movements as fomenters of a participatory democracy and seeks to problematize the space of the representative democratic regime, in order to expand it and transform it into an effectively democratic perspective.