Produção vegetal e análise fitoquímica de droga vegetal de myracrodruon urundeuva allemão.

Abstract

Among the species of occurrence in the Caatinga with high social, environmental and economic potential, stands out Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão. The production of seedlings of this species is extremely important, mainly because it is in the list of plants threatened with extinction. Thus, the objective of this work was to characterize plant production by evaluating the quantitative flavonoids of M. urundeuva as a function of the stage of development of the individuals. The seeds came from an adult matrix located in the Municipality of Cajazeiras in the backwoods of Paraíba. The collected material was taken to the Laboratory of Ecology and Botany - LAEB/UFCG/CDSA, in the municipality of Sumé, in Cariri, of Paraíba. For the biometric characterization, 100 seeds were randomly assigned to determine the length, width and thickness. Plant production was carried out in the Nursery to Produce Native Seedlings and Studies of Ecology and Dynamics of Caatinga - LAEB/UFCG/CDSA, under shading conditions of 50% and the substrate composed of sand, goat manure and subsoil in the proportion of 1.5:1.0:0.5. Seeds were seeded in polyethylene buckets with 22.5 cm in height and 20.0 cm in width. After the 210 days of evaluation, the plant material was collected and taken to the Institute of Research in Drugs and Medicines - IPEFARM, for phytochemical analysis, in which the total flavonoid content was determined using a standard Rutin curve at different concentrations. The seeds of M. urundeuva presented a mean of 3.47 mm in length (range: 2.51 to 4.18 mm), 3.32 mm in width (range: 2.50 to 3.79 mm), 2.48 mm thick (range: 1.73 to 3.37 mm) and fresh mass of 0.014 g (range: 0.0084 to 0.0202 g). Of the 160 seeds grown, 91 emerged, which corresponded to 56.9% of seedlings emerged, with the peak of emergency recorded of 20.62% on the fifth day after sowing. For the rate of emergency, a total of 16.15% was obtained. A variation of 6.88 to 52.69 cm was observed related to the data of the mean height of the individuals during 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 days of evaluation. For the mean diameter data a variation of 1.05 to 7.74 mm was observed. For the parameter dry and fresh mass, considering the time of emergency after sowing, it can be noticed that there was no relation between these parameters at the seven months of evaluation. However, the individuals that emerged in the first days corresponding to 214 to 217 had their means, close to the general average of all individuals that was 35 grams for fresh mass and 19 grams for dry mass. In relation to the phytochemical analysis, the data showed that there was a significant correlation of the flavonoid concentration with the fresh mass of the young individuals of M. urundeuva cultivated in the nursery, with a correlation of 98% between these parameters. In general, the species obtained for all the parameters evaluated, under the conditions of the experiment, higher values than those obtained in the majority of the work done with the species.