Assentamentos rurais e projetos de viabilidade: a "metodologia PNUD": limites e superação no capitalismo.

Abstract

The most recent development of the struggle for land has given rise, in the Brazilian agrarian scenario, in a more generalized and expressive way, the settlements of workers rural areas. From this process, numerous initiatives seek to work the socio-economic viability of these reformed areas and, consequently, of the settled families. And of one of these initiatives, the Methodology of Elaboration of Feasibility Projects of Settlement Areas, by us denominated "UNDP Methodology", that we occupy in this work. This methodology has a pedagogical instrumental of participative construction of the feasibility projects of the settlements, which is analyzed here, as well as it brings a political-economic conception that guides its use, with substantiating this the central axis of the thesis. This conception follows the developmental tradition that prevails in the agrarian debate, around which constitutes what is conventionally called "The Brazilian Agrarian Question". By understanding small production as an economic unit linked to the capitalist system, where it is the surplus produced proposes, as an alternative, associative entrepreneurship. At the level of settlements this process would elevate them from the category of "Legal Units" to "Economic Units". This understanding, in our central hypothesis, when recognizing capitalism, does not analyze it in its nature, not bringing to the discussion the basis of the limitation of the existence and extension of decent working conditions to the human being - private property and thus the historical necessity of its overcoming in socialization - being there its limits. However, by highlighting the category of "work" as the basis of the appropriation of the wealth produced in the forms associative, which is the basis of the proposition of social transformation by overcoming the private nature of property, point out its possibilities.