Modulação da temperatura superficie do mar do Pacífico e Atlântico Tropical na precipitação no Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

This study aims to make a diagnostic analysis of monthly precipitation (PRP) in the state of Paraiba and relate them to the sea surface temperature (SST). For this we used time series of homogeneous regions of precipitation and surface temperatures of Pacific Ocean and Tropical Atlantic oceans for the period 1962 to 2007. We employ the method of Wavelet Transformation (WT) at different levels of temporal resolution - time scales to determine the dominant components of the variability of precipitation and SST in different regions of the state. To evaluate the efficacy of applying WT precipitation time series we selected the anomalous year 2004. The application of WT in PRP showed that the overall spectrum of wavelet energy for the annual cycle is strong across all regions of the state. In addition to the annual scale, there were complex interactions of fluctuations in other time scales such as monthly, intraseasonal, semi-annual, biennial and decadal. Analysis of SST of the Pacific presents the most significant annual scale in the eastern part of the ocean, decreasing from east to west, where the decadal scale becomes pronounced. The Atlantic SST analysis indicate basically two variations: an annual scale and another at decadal scale. The SST of Pacific is better related to PRP of more intense events of El Niño / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Atlantic Dipole (ADP) with the rains in the western sector state. WT applied to the case study identified scales of atmospheric systems which caused the precipitation in January and February 2004, which strongly interacted with the ITCZ and the SACZ, VCANs, producing abundant rains in the rainy season in the state.