Resolução de problemas envolvendo as estruturas multiplicativas: as estratégias dos estudantes.

Abstract

The present work had as main objective to analyze the strategies of students of the 5th year of elementary school in solving different types of problems involving the multiplicative structures. And if endorsed on the object of study geared to solving problems covering the multiplicative structures. This, in turn, is composed theoretically in understanding that mathematics is and has always been present in the events and relationships of mankind, and currently one of its main characteristics refers to problem solving. In this perspective, the ability to solve problems arises increasingly as a prime to be developed in the students need, and when they encountered this situation make use of their own strategies, or not, to solve such problem situations. Given this discussion, it is necessary that students understand the importance of strategies to the extent that the use as a tool for development, whether in logical reasoning, or to formulate new ways of thinking and action. However, it is important that the teacher be aware of these strategies, which must be respected and utilized by him in teaching and school learning. Thus, it was adopted as an instrument of data collection the design, implementation and analysis of an activity containing six situations-problems of multiplication and division, of varying types, called problems of multiplicative structures in addition to questioning about the path taken to reach the end result of this, the four students in a class of 5th grade of elementary school to a public school of the city of Cajazeiras - PB. Therefore, as regards the results of this study, it was found, in general, the student, in turn, make use of different strategies when faced with solving problems involving the multiplicative structures, insofar as use of symbolic representation as a procedure to reach the expected results of problem situations. All subjects in the study showed ease in answering the structures related to multiplication calculations, however, with regard to the division, did not succeed in resolutions involving two algorithms on the splitter, and the respect in which they found greater difficulty at the heart search.