Potencial toxicológico in vitro do pólen de plantas apícolas da caatinga.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to study the toxicological potential of pollen bee plants found in the caatinga under laboratory conditions of Apis mellifera under laboratory conditions, evaluating the acute toxicity to Artemia salina, and toxicity of in vitro food components under the survival behavior of A. mellifera in the presence of pollen of Mimosa tenuiflora, Piptadenia stipulacea and Anadenanthera colubrina. In the bioassay to determine the acute toxicity of pollens against A. salina, where, separated into groups of 10 naupils using test tubes prepared with the solution containing 5000 μg.ml-1 of sea water and different concentrations of the extract of pollen (31,25; 62,5; 125; 250; 500; 750; 1000; 1250; 1500 e 3000 μg.mL-1) in triplicate. After 24 hours of exposure, the count of live and dead nauplii. The LC50 values were estimated from the linear regression obtained from the correlation between the percentage of killed individuals and the concentration of the compounds tested. In the tocixity bioassay with A. mellifera, freshly emerged bees were kept in wooden cages, and was added to the feed base, a mixture of confectioner's sugar and honey (3:1), which added the pollen concentrations of the plants studied at the doses of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00% with respect to the weight of the base food. Four replicates were used with 20 bees. The number of dead bees was recorded daily. Bees' survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the non-parametric Log-Rank Test applied in the comparison of the curves. In the acute toxicity bioassay, the pollen tested is non-toxic, as they presented LC50 above 1000 μg.mL-1. In the evaluation of toxicity under bees, M. tenuiflora pollen presents no risk of toxicity. Pollen from P. stipulacea and A. colubrinane present low toxic potential in bee feeding. Pollen from the studied caatinga plants pose little threat to bees (A. mellifera), since insects are unlikely to exhibit concentrations that can cause high toxic effects.