Átomos de césio em um melaço óptico: uma possibilidade de resfriar átomos.

Abstract

In this paper we theoretically approach the Optical Molasses, and using atoms of Cesium, we demonstrate that it is possible to cool them. Atomic cooling is a content of extremely important in physics because it encompasses the fundamentals that precede the techniques trapping atoms, where it has important physical applications. We use as a basis, the idea that the interaction of the atom with a beam of electromagnetic radiation change the moment. This effect is given by an average force that alters the velocity of the atom. The force is contrary to the direction of the beam. We use the beam configuration counter-propagants to reduce the speed of atoms. The study of the dynamics we made is about the velocity of atoms in the interaction of these beams via numerical calculation to solve EDO of the relation F = md x. We made use of the C ++ programming language allied to powerful GSL libraries to do a computer simulation. The understanding of Numerical methods were implemented along with applications in the harmonic oscillators. We use the expression of the force of the radiation pressure in the optical molasses, we calculate speed and acceleration as a function of time. We study numerical programming for ODE resolution using GSL and we check its operation for the case harmonic oscillator where we can compare with the analytical results. We did comparisons for various conditions and always observing in the dynamics the reduction of velocity.