Incorporação do óleo de Nim em pomada hidrofóbica.

Abstract

The ointment pharmaceutical form is an excellent proposal for the incorporation of vegetal oils, since it presents texture, spreadability and viscosity compatible with topical application. In this work we aimed to develop a hydrophobic ointment with Nim oil. Nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Meliaceae) is a tree of Asian origin appreciated for its pesticidal activity and its various biological activities, among them, broad spectrum action against pathogenic microorganisms. For that, macroscopic evaluation, scattering analysis, viscosity and oxidative dosage were necessary. Ointment formulations containing Nim: P1 oil (Nim oil 20% m/m; liquid vaseline 2% m/m) were handled; P2 (Nim oil 10% m/m; liquid vaseline 2% m/m), P3 (Nim oil 20% m/m; solid petroleum jelly 10% m/m); P4 (Nim oil 10% m/m solid vaseline 10% m/m); P5 (Nim oil 20% m/m; no liquid petrolatum); P6 (10% m/m Nim oil, without liquid petrolatum), all containing 0.06% m/m butylated BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), methylparaben 0.15% m/m, propylparaben 0.04% m/m, petroleum jelly solid q.s.p (60g); P7 (Nim oil 10% m/m, without liquid vaseline, methylparaben 0.15% m/m, propylparaben 0.04% m/m, solid petrolatum q.s.p (60g)) without incorporation of BHT. In the macroscopic evaluation of the ointments, it was possible to observe phase separation in the pilots P1, P3, P4, P5. However, no formulation showed alteration in color and odor, and only in the P2 and P6 formulations no phase separation was observed. Regarding the viscosity parameter, it was observed that the liquid vaseline and Nim oil components influenced this result, resulting in a higher viscosity and less spreadability in the P6 formulation at time zero. The BHT oxidative dosage result was verified using a spectrometer at 270nm, the absorbances of the formulations being compared to the presence (P1-P6) and absence (P7) of the BHT. There was no oxidation of BHT at time 0 and after 180 days for P2 and P6. However, by increasing the oil concentration of Nim (20% m/m) for P1, P3, P5, the absorbance of BHT was reduced, indicating a lower stability for these formulations. Considering the potentiality of this research, it was possible to define the best formulations (P2 and P6) for incorporation of Nim oil into ointment pharmaceutical form.