Classificação, quantificação e dinâmica do emaranhamento.

Abstract

The Quantum Computation and Quantum Information (QC and QI) have been the field of intense study in recent decades. An extremely useful property in this area is the entanglement of particles, whose theoretical discussions began in 1935 from an article published byEinstein, Podolsky, and Rosen [1]. This property arises as a consequence of the quantum theory and ensures that particles even spatially separated in a non-causal arrangement, take in its nature the property of the whole. In a more colloquial language, the entire state representative of the particles can not be constructed from their parts, individually. Beyond the purely academic aspects, the classification and the quantification of entanglement are essential in the proposed of the using of technology. In this work we have made a study of some of the most separability criteria used to detect the entanglement of some quantifiers of this property for both states bipartite, and for multipartite cases. Moreover, the dynamics of entanglement in W and GHZ states in quantum channels, phase damping, depolarization and generalized amplitude damping, it was studied by adapting explicit PPT separability criterion for multipartite states and using Schmidt measure. For GHZ states, we confirm the results found in [2].