Tratamento farmacológico e não farmacológico da gota: uma revisão.

Abstract

Gout is an inflammatory arthropathy characterized by the deposition of sodium monourate crystals in the joints. It is a millennial disease distinguished 4,500 years ago. Several are the risk factors for gout, but the main ones are: family history, increased longevity, male sex, kidney failure, obesity, constant use of alcoholic beverages and excessive intake of foods rich in purines. Gout is relatively related to hyperuricemia, increased serum uric acid in the blood, which is the main precursor of its development. Epidemiology shows that gouty arthritis is becoming more and more prevalent in the world. Gout is clinically manifested by asymptomatic, acute and chronic phases, each with its characteristics. The objective of this work was to focus on the appropriate pharmacological treatment of acute and chronic attacks mainly, and non-pharmacological treatment that through dietary modifications positively affects the uricemia of the disease in question. A review of the literature, based on reliable data and the national and international health committees, of the articles published in the last 10 years (2007 to 2017) on gout was systematically used. We searched 93 articles and used 44. The following search terms were used in several combinations: 1) inflammatory arthropathy; 2) hyperuricemia; 3) crystallization of uric acid; 4) treatment. The search for review articles, editorials and guidelines written in the English, Portuguese and Spanish languages was selected according to the criteria of the Oxford Center for Evidence.