A presença da química nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: uma proposta de sequência didática contextualizada.

Abstract

Formal education is a continuous process composed of modalities and levels, which the individual goes through during his or her school year. It is in basic schooling (Pre and Elementary School) where the child builds his knowledge and develops skills for the formation of his intellect, and at this stage the concepts are understood the same way they are transmitted. During elementary education, among the included curricular components, when it comes to the Science topic, it is necessary for the teacher to include the fragmentation of this area, explaining the subdivision of the Natural Sciences and introducing previous concepts about the content that is being approached. Among these subdivisions, Chemistry stands out. Thus, the purpose of this research is to discuss the importance of understanding what Chemistry is during the initial grades of basic education. This study was carried out at Escola Grão de Mostarda, an institution of the private network, located in São José de Piranhas, state of Paraíba. The focus group of the study is a class of the 4th year of Elementary School, with 21 students. A research was done by means of an unidentified questionnaire and, after the application of this one, three classes were taught: two explanatory expositions (theoretical) and one experimental (practical), as a support to the content to be approached. It is a bibliographical study and as to the approach of the problem, this analysis fits as quantitative, considering the data collection done for the future investigation. In this sense, the research also fits as qualitative, considering the analysis approach proposed for the purposes of this study. It can be observed that every pupil claims to like Science. Most (62%) claim to know the subdivision of the sciences, and 90% are unaware of what Chemistry is. After the classes, the results were satisfactory considering that all the students understood the concept and meaning of Chemistry.