Avaliação dos impactos ambientais gerados pela construção da Barragem Jenipapeiro - Umarí - Ceará.

Abstract

Over time, human activities have contributed to modifying the operation and physiognomy of the natural environment, causing environmental and socioeconomic impacts for the local population. Among the main activities of these environments are modifying the construction of dams for water supply for the population, irrigation and animal consumption. Despite the crucial importance of water reservoirs for economic and supply activities, the construction of these reservoirs have caused many negative impacts and benefits contained in the projects are not visible, especially for the population of small farmers. In this sense, the present study aimed to assess the main environmental impacts caused by the construction of genipap Dam located in the municipality of Umari-CE. To assess these impacts used the Leopold Matrix (1971) relate to the causes and effects in each natural and anthropic variable. For a better understanding of the impacts were extracted information of the Executive Project Construction of Dam genipap, recognition of the study area, and interviews with affected residents. The main environmental impacts: deforestation, changes in soil, river flow of the bus, and the evacuation of the local population. As a result, the behavior of biodiversity was changed from a terrestrial environment for water. The results show some uncertainties about the realization of the work, because the reservoir have not accumulated enough water, with only the work of the records in the environment.