A influência do aleitamento materno no crescimento e desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil.

Abstract

Introduction:Breastfeeding is a complex process because it involves biological, social, cultural, ethnic / racial, economic and emotional factors. In the context of child growth and development, specifically, breastfeeding plays a fundamental role, as it helps to provide for the growth and development of different organs and systems of the human body, including neurological, motor and cognitive. Objective: To determine the type of breastfeeding in children from 0 (zero) to 24 (twenty four months) in the municipality of Cuité-PB. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive and quantitative approach. The population of mothers and children ranging from 0 (zero) to 24 (twenty four) months of life, totaling 130 dyads, participated in the study. A structured form containing 26 questions was used for data collection, which included maternal data (Age, Marital status, Education, Occupation / Occupation, Family income, Prenatal care, Number of consultations and children, Type of delivery and guidelines on Breastfeeding) and of the child (Sex, Birth weight, Gestational age, APGAR, Child age, current height and weight, body mass index and Breastfeeding type), considered as potential risk factors for the child, and to obtain Of information related to neuropsychomotor development, the follow-up records recommended by the Handbook on Child Development Surveillance in the Context of IMCI were used. Results: the majority of mothers were aged between 19-29 years (60.0%), single (56.9%) had 15 or more years of schooling (53.8%), family income less than one minimum wage (78 , 5%). Regarding the characterization of maternal risk factors, we observed an average of two children (68.5%). Performing routine prenatal visits (92.3%), Regarding the children, the majority of them presented age Between 12 and 24 months (87.7%), female (60.0%), A Term (77.0%) with adequate birth weight (68.5%). It was observed that, although 57.0% of the children did not show developmental abnormalities, a significant percentage presented a probable delay (13.0%), a possible delay (14.0%) and a normal development with factors of (16.0%). Conclusion: It was also observed the low involvement of health professionals, including nursing professionals, regarding the adequate orientation of mothers regarding the practice of breastfeeding, which is possibly a Discontinuation of breastfeeding. It can be seen that the practice of breastfeeding is directly linked to the support given to mothers and that these women need better care during this important period for their life and that of their child.