Vigilância do crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil em crianças: análise dos fatores de riscos.

Abstract

Introduction: Surveillance of child growth and development is considered a priority among the basic actions advocated by the Ministry of Health (MS), since it corresponds to one of the lines of care listed in the Agenda for Commitments for Integral Health of the Child and Reduction of Infant Mortality . Objective: To identify the risk factors that influence children 's neuropsychomotor development and development in children from 0 (zero) to 24 (twenty four) of the municipality of Cuité - PB. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive, quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 50 mothers and children, ranging in age from 0 to 24 months, who used day care centers located in the urban area of Cuité. A structured form, containing 42 questions on the risk factors for child development, involving maternal variables (sociodemographic, reproductive data, marital satisfaction, support network and guidelines for child development) and the child were used for data collection. Conditions of birth, child health, child care, and family structure). The data sheets for assessing child development in the Handbook on Child Development Surveillance in the Context of IMCI were also used. The work was submitted and approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the University Hospital Alcides Carneiro (HUAC) with CAAE: 61529916.1.0000.5182. The data were presented descriptively in the form of graphs and tables and analyzed in light of the literature. Results: the majority of mothers were aged 19-19 (56.0%), single (52.0%) had 15 or more years of schooling (28.0%), and family income less than one minimum wage ( 64.0%). Regarding the characterization of maternal risk factors, it was observed that an average of two children (40.0%), an interpartal interval of less than 2 years (54.0%), the majority of deliveries were of surgical origin (60.0% ). The majority of the mothers denied a degree of kinship with the father of the child (70.0%) and marital conflicts (68.0%) and referred to the pregnancy as desired (66.0%). As for the children, the majority of them were aged between 12 and 24 months (84.0%), female (52.0%), A Term (70.0%) with adequate birth weight (68, 0%). The majority of the children presented normal development (36.0%), however, a significant percentage presented a possible (26.0%) and probable (12.0%) development. In addition to the presence of risk factors (26.0%). Regarding child growth, it was observed that 18.0% of the children had high weight while 12.0% and 3.0% were low weight and very low for height, respectively. Conclusion: It is essential that the mother has knowledge about the child's normal motor development phases so that there is early identification of possible delays and referral to specialized services. In this sense, health professionals, specifically those in nursing, should promote actions that offer these women conditions of knowledge regarding care, health practices and stimulation of child development. Key words: Risk factors. Growth. Child development