Caracterização epidemiológica da hanseníase no município de Pombal-PB, no período de 2004 a 2014.

Abstract

The “hanseníase” keeps being a public health problem in Brazil, representing a major challenge for health authorities. It is an illness of compulsory infection, infectious disease, chronic, caused by Micobacterium leprae, slow development. This research aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of leprosy in the city of Pombal – PB, characterizes the socio- demographic and clinical profile of leprosy and evaluate the rates of incidence and prevalent of the disease in the city. It deals of a documental, exploratory, descriptive analysis with a quantitative approach. To research development has been used the database of the Information System on Diseases of Compulsory Declaration (SINAN) of the Departament of Sanitary and Epidemological by Municipal Departament of Health in Pombal – PB, from where the data reported herein obtained with relevance to the study. The population was formed for all the leprosy cases were registered in the period from 2004 to 2014 and the sample composed by 100% of population, 84 cases of the disease. The collection was carried out in April of 2015 by means consults the appropriate factsheet of notification and the access of the SINAN program data toward TABWIN, installed in the Municipal Department of Health in this city. The majority the cases of the disease occurred in male, adults, brown-race, with low-schooling and residing in urban area. The predominant clinical form was a dimorphic with over 5 skin lesions, however the lymph was ignored at the moment of the diagnosis. The degree 0 of physical disability predominated among the cases diagnosed and all leprosy patients performed one of schemes of polychemotheraphy. In most cases, were detected through of routing, notified as new cases and in most of them ending as a cure, but with a high rate of abandonment of treatment. The results shows over the years occurred a decrease in cases of the disease, even so the city have a high rates of incidence and prevalent of leprosy, not reaching the goal of eliminating the illness. In view these results, observe the need of development of control actions more effectives by public managers, particularly in training of health professionals and active search contacts, establishing the diagnosis and early treatment, with purpose to break the epidemiological chain, taking into consideration the control and possible elimination of the disease in the city.