Qualidade da torta e farelo de mamona de diferentes cultivares caracterizadas por espectroscopia NIR e análise multivariada.

Abstract

This work was carried out to study the potential of NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics for the classification of cake and castor meai under different treatments of detoxifícation. We used chemical treatments with NaCl and Ca (OH)2 and heat (40, 60, 80 and 100 °C) for three cultivars from the castor bean cake and meai. The cake was obtained from mechanical pressing of the seeds and bran by solvent extraction in Soxhlet. The spectral measurements in the region from 400 to 2500 nm and multivariate analysis (PCA and SIMCA) were used to identify patterns of grouping as the process of detoxifícation. The experimental measurements were performed in two stages: first stage was used 180 samples of cake and castor oil for the BRS Paraguaçu chemometric optimization. Each class was comprised of 10 representative samples treated with NaCl and Ca (OH)2 to 4% (w / w) and temperatures of 40, 60, 80 and 100 °C. In the second stage, 630 samples were used with 42 units for each class of treatment with Ca (OH)2 and NaCl at 1, 2 and 4% (w / w). The spectra were recorded in triplicate true for treatments with 10 repetitions for each sample. From the spectra obtained were employed multivariate techniques of PCA and SIMCA. In PCA, the graph of the scores observed the formation of separate classes with separate treatments with Ca(OH)2 and NaCl, and combinations of these with temperature increments of 40, 60, 80 and 100 °C. The group formed with two principal components explained variance resulted in a greater than 95%. With the information from the PCA was developed SIMCA model for which predicted 100% correct for the class of the pie and detoxified castor meai variety Paraguaçu on the first step. The PCA for the samples treated with Ca(OH)2 and NaCl at 1, 2 and 4% (w/ w) allowed the identifícation of samples considered detoxified for varieties Energy BRS, BRS 149 and BRS Paraguaçu Northeast. Treatment 4% (w/ w) stood out in the graph of the scores to be considered 100% detoxified. Also there was a separation between the classes Paraguaçu BRS and BRS 149 BRS for Northeast Energy. Given these observations, NIR spectrometry and multivariate analysis allowed the identifícation of the pie and detoxified castor meai considered a direct, non-destructive, inexpensive, rapid (30 s) without the use of expensive reagents and chemical waste generation.