Estado de mal epiléptico pediátrico: uma revisão do uso de benzodiazepinicos pré-hospitalar.

Abstract

Introduction: Status epilepticus is a convulsive event lasting more than 30 minutes, occurring continuously or intermittently, without regaining consciousness. It is a relatively common neurological emergency in the Pediatric age group and, when it is not treated early, it is aggressive, bringing serious sequelae, and be potentially fatal. Objective: identify the more appropriate benzodiazepine in the prehospital treatment in the Pediatric age group and the best route of administration in this scenario. Method: integrative literature review was used, searching the PubMed and LILACS database, using the following key words: “prehospital emergency”, “status epilepticus”, “seizures treatment” and “child” and filtered articles published between 2006 and 2015. As an outcome, 6 articles emerged from this search. Results: through the analysis of the evidence found, we were able to establish a direct correlation between the start time of benzodiazepine use and treatment efficacy. We could also notice that in an environment such as prehospital, the faster and simpler routes of administration tend to provide a better result, and that Midazolam by non-IV routes presents itself as the best alternative. Final considerations: the absence of well-established protocols in this matter is an important barrier, and the search for new evidence within the prehospital treatment is necessary for the establishment of a safer clinical conduct.