Intervenção dietética hipoglicídica x supercompensação de carboidratos em atletas corredores de rua: análise da composição corporal e performance.

Abstract

Street racing is a predominantly aerobic sport and anaerobic system activations may occur. With this, training aimed at increasing aerobic capacity should be highlighted, especially to improve this aspect and adaptations necessary for the sport. For this, it is necessary to adapt the organism for the use of energy substrates that present advantages for the performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a dietary intervention using two hypoglycemic-isocaloric diet protocols on the performance of athletes street runners. For data collection, structured questionnaires, anthropometric evaluation, time verification for the conclusion of the test, average speed and effort evaluation were applied. The race tests were carried out on the same street course with a five-kilometer extension at the same time and station. The sample consisted of 9 male amateur athletes from street racing and divided into two groups D1 (continuous hypoglycidic diet) and D2 (hypoclycidic diet with supercompensation of carbohydrates). In the suggested protocols, both groups used isoenergetic diets, initially with a macronutrient percentage of 45% of lipids, 25% of proteins and 30% of carbohydrates, in the final week of intervention the group D2 made a supercompensation scheme of carbohydrates passing to consume 25% of lipids, 25% of proteins and 50% of carbohydrates. The mean age of the groups D1 and D2, respectively, was 44.75 ± 4.71 years (standard deviation) and 36.80 ± 10.57 years. The height presented was 1.65 ± 0.06 meters for the D1 group and 1.66 ± 0.04 meters for the D2 group. Before the beginning of the dietary intervention the groups did not present significant differences between them for none of the parameters analyzed, demonstrating homogeneity. After 4 weeks of intervention, it was found that there were no statistical differences when the groups were analyzed in the anthropometric parameters, however, an improvement in the means of these questions was observed, applying intragroup analyzes D1 and D2 respectively of -1.86 kg of fat ( -2.77%) and -1.54 kg of fat (-2.42%). Regarding the performance, there were no significant differences between the groups in the values after intervention, however, the improvement of the parameters was exclusive of the D1 group with mean variation of - 0.35 minutes for completion of the total test, -0.13 minutes for the completion of sock test and increase of 0.26 km / h at the average speed. In view of this the work shows that for this category of street racing, the supercompensation of carbohydrates presented important role in the improvement of the anthropometry. Also, it is important that this study encourages the conduction of new research on dietary intervention in the different contexts of street racing to further elucidate the specific benefits.