Multimorbidades em idosos: fatores influentes na qualidade de vida.

Abstract

The aging process causes several changes on individuals making them more susceptible to developing a lot of diseases, that when associated with other morbidities will be part of the multimorbities group. The multimorbity is associated with the presence of one or more morbidities and/or the numberless chronic conditions. When the elderly has a preserved quality of life, contributes for their adaptation on this new life phase, positively and pleasantly, besides keeping the search for your independency and preservation of their functional capacity, which soften the presence of other illness and increases their life expectation. I was aimed to investigate the existence of multimorbities in the elderly assisted on the “Atenção Primária a Saúde”. It is about a transversal study, with quantity approach. The data gathering was made with the application of a preliminary survey for a multidimensional evaluation. Of the data, the quantitative data were grouped in the Package for the Social Sciences – SPSS version 20.0, for the described analysis. Measures of central tendency and Standard Deviation were utilized. This research is about one leg of a research. All the assumptions in Resolution 466/12 from the “Conselho Nacional de Saúde”, which regulates the research with humans were applied in this study and the data was only made after the approval of the “Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa”. The sample was composed with 200 elderly starting from 60 years-old, with the majority of females (66.5%), between the ages of 60-69 years-old (45%), Catholics (84%), with brown skin (53%), most of the population has a low study rate, where 48.5% are illiterate, the fact is connected to the profession of the elderly, where most just work at their house doing chores (48%). The family is compost of wife, children and grandchildren and they show a good family harmony (83%). Evaluate their quality of life (46%), life (50%) and health (51%) as a good one. Present life habits not healthy, since most are former smokers (44.5%), still smoke (%), drink alcohol (52%), don’t have a active life (66.5%) and don’t have the habit of getting our of the house (60%). They present as main comorbidities Systemic Arterial Hypertension (65%) and back problems (56.5%), and go to health treatment center the Estratégia de Saúde da Família (%) and the Unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPA) (26%). The percentage of hospitalizations in the last studied year was lower (7.5%). They show low appetite and have three meals a day (79.5%). It is noticed that the elderly population has factors that can influence their quality of life, also the high prevalence for multimorbities, therefore the promotion and prevention in health services should be increasingly intensified, specially with the old age arrival, so the multimorbities and complications that decrease the quality of life of humans can be avoided Key-words: