Internações por condições sensíveis a atenção primária entre crianças e adolescentes atendidas em um Hospital Universitário.

Abstract

Children and adolescents are considered to be people who are vulnerable to illness and are sometimes subjected to the hospitalization process that can trigger psychological trauma. Among the main diseases that affect hospitalized children are respiratory problems, followed by infectious and parasitic diseases and conditions originating in the perinatal period, considered as conditions sensitive to primary care. In this context, the present study aimed to know the profile of hospitalizations due to conditions sensitive to Primary Care among children and adolescents attended at a University Hospital. This was a descriptive, quantitative, epidemiological, retrospective and documental study whose population was constituted by 618 cases of admissions of children and adolescents attended in 2018 at Hospital Universitário Júlio Bandeira, is a cut from a larger research entitled : Clinical-epidemiological profile and quality of care coverage in a university hospital, registered in the Brazil platform and authorized by the opinion No. 2.672.468 of the Ethics and Research Committee of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The results indicate that 43.53% of the 618 hospitalizations occurred in patients aged 01 to 04 years, 52.75% of the sample is male and 46.60% are in the city of Cajazeiras, the city where the University Hospital is located. Regarding the causes of hospitalization, 52.91% occurred due to Primary Care Sensitive Causes, especially respiratory diseases, especially unspecified bacterial pneumonia 14.07%, followed by urinary tract infection 8.57%, gastroenteritis 5 , 50% and asthma 2.26%. Regarding the outcomes, the prevalence of hospital discharge was 93.85%, followed by 5.50% of cases of interinstitutional transfer, 0.48% of deaths and 0.16% of withdrawal of treatment. It is verified that the present study reached the expected objectives, since it was possible to know the profile of hospitalizations due to conditions sensitive to Primary Care among children and adolescents attended at a University Hospital,. The main hospitalizations for identified Primary Care Conditions were pneumonia, urinary tract infection, gastroenteritis and asthma. Five deaths were recorded in the study period; of the five, only one was institutional, that is, it occurred after hospitalization, while the others were considered hospital. In view of the above, it is necessary to develop a network, with an emphasis on the planning and implementation of multisectoral and multiprofessional actions to strengthen basic care, which will certainly decrease the number of hospitalizations for sensitive primary care causes among children and adolescents.