Avaliação das propriedades de biomateriais metálicos utilizados em próteses de quadril.

Abstract

The progress of medicine has allowed change in recent years, and especially in this century, the quality of life, but also the longevity of the human species. Thus, problems in the human body can be solved in terms of science and technology. Prostheses found in domestic and international markets generally have conformities that could cause prosthetic implants to be removed in less than a year, causing serious damage to the patient and his social life. In this sense, this research aimed to investigate theoretically and experimentally metallic biomaterials used in hip prostheses, such as alloys of stainless steel and titanium alloys. Therefore, specimens of these materials were characterized using microanalysis techniques, microstructural, morphological and mechanical. The results of the EDS technique indicate that steel alloys and titanium present compositions and elements containing different concentrations of which are established in the ASTM. The results of X-ray diffraction, steel evaluated in this study was characterized as austenitic. The crystalline forms a and P were observed in XRD patterns of titanium alloy studied. The micrographs confirmed the austenitic microstructure of the alloy steel and the phases of the a and p titanium alloys. As for the mechanical analysis, the limits of tensile strength steel alloys and titanium showed equivalent results. However, titanium alloys showed lower modulus of elasticity, thus the most recommended type of alloy to form the metal rod in active patients who underwent arthroplasty.