Itinerários terapêuticos dos pacientes de um hospital pediátrico.

Abstract

The Therapeutic Itineraries are multidimensional and represent several meanings through socio-anthropological reflections, being defined as a set of plans, actions and projects that aim at the treatment of a health problem. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Therapeutic Itinerary chosen by the parents and / or those responsible for the pediatric patients until their hospitalization. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study conducted with 17 pediatric patients from the Hospital Universitário Júlio Bandeira, located in the city of Cajazeiras-PB, through an interview recorded on the basis of a semi-structured form . The criterion of inclusion was to be the father and / or legal guardian of the minor, and as an exclusion criterion, the accompanying persons who were under the age of 18 years. It should be noted that one participant was under eighteen, but he was emancipated. The data were collected between September 28 and October 10, 2018. The objective data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and the subjective data were organized with the help of the IRAMUTEQ software and later systematized according to the Analysis of Content proposed by Bardin. The study complied with the ethical precepts set out in Resolution 466/2012 of the National Health Council. It is evident that the study on screen was a cut of the research "Clinical-Epidemiological Profile and Quality of Care Coverage in a University Hospital", being approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Campina Grande / Teachers Training Center under opinion nº 2672468. The prevalence of participants with the mother's relationship to the minor, with a mean age of 33.8 years, of color / race ( self-declared), in a stable union of the Catholic religion, with less than nine years of formal study, housewives, with a family income of up to three minimum wages. By means of the lexical analysis, 5 Classes were extracted that comprised the three categories delineated, namely, Category 1 - Perception of the parents on the health-disease-care process of the minor; Category 2 - Therapeutic Itinerary adopted, and Category 3 - Adversities experienced during the Therapeutic Itinerary. It was evidenced that the Therapeutic Itineraries of children and adolescents are constructed in such a way that they pass through the professional, popular and informal subsystems, with appreciation of the sociocultural aspects, which demonstrates the singularities of the subjects involved in this process, despite similar choices. It is important to highlight the relevance of a study with the theme on the screen in order to verify the paths chosen by the users to the hospital service, which favors the detection of fragilities in health care, either by the absence of health education that guides the flow recommended to follow or for the lack of serviceability. It is suggested to carry out further studies on the thematic and the use of research results by managers and professionals in the search for (re) organization of services dynamics in order to achieve integral care and inclusion of disciplines such as anthropology, philosophy, sociology and psychology in the training of health professionals, with theoretical-practical exploration to (re) construct a resolutive assistance.