Diagnóstico tardio da tuberculose a partir do relato de enfermeiros da atenção básica.

Abstract

Decentralization of TB control has been setting reorientations in the Family Health Teams practices in the area of Primary Health Care (PHC). The Late TB diagnosis was established as one of the major challenges faced by the management and health professionals in reducing the incidence of the disease in Brazil. Objective: To explore the reports of clinical nurses about the causes that interfere in the tuberculosis retardation diagnosis. Methodology: Study with descriptive qualitative approach made in the FHS and Department of Health in Sousa-PB, involving 15 clinical nurses. The empirical material collected in July 2014 through a semi-structured interview was analyzed using the content analysis of Bardin technique, respecting the ethical assumptions from 466/2012 nth Resolution. The project was submitted to the Ethics Committee in Santa Maria College Research. Results: After successive readings it was realized that nurses have a satisfactory scientific knowledge about the disease definition, although some of them don´t know the epidemiological situation in the same aforementioned city. Presented as causes of TB late diagnosis the deficit in active search, lack of information and early diagnosis; the self- prejudice, and abandonment of treatment. The majority considered long and slow the route between appearance of symptoms and diagnosis confirmation. On the other hand, the time of symptoms appearance from the beginning of treatment was considered fast and short. About the planning and development of active search actions for respiratory symptoms in the FHS some nurses made clear not develop it, and when it happens, are performed by the Health Agents. It notices that there is need to improve nurses' knowledge of TB and establish a flowchart of patients service with TB involving the unit and the reference service involving actions of active search and health education for better disease control. Final considerations: Thus, it points to the need for support from health managers and the interest from professionals working in the FHS, including the nurse, in the search for capacity, making possible the development of actions that aim to the disease control and promote the inclusion of community in the health-disease process.