Artrite idiopática juvenil: relação com sorologias em pacientes assistidos em ambulatório hospitalar de reumatologia pediátrica.

Abstract

The Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, incurable with unknown etiology that affects one or more joints, and also can present with extra-articular manifestations. Currently, it is classified into seven subtypes: systemic arthritis, oligoarthritis, polyarthritis with negative rheumatoid factor, polyarthritis with positive rheumatoid factor, poriásica arthritis, enthesitis-related arthritis and undifferentiated. The arthritis can be triggered by genetic predisposition in children after psychological stress, joint trauma, hormonal changes, bacterial or viral infections. The diagnosis is one of exclusion, since there are no signs, symptoms or laboratory tests pathognomonic disease. We believe - that autoimmune mechanisms related to disease genetics of this disease is related to previous contact of viruses. This study has the general objective to evaluate the relationship of JIA with positive serology for hepatitis A, B, C, HIV, Citomegalovíirus, Epstein-Barr virus, parvovirus B19 and rubella in patients followed at the rheumatology clinic at Children's Albert Sabin Hospital in Fortaleza / Ceará. This is an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective documentary type. The sample studied consisted of 137 medical records of patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis diagnosis assisted in the period 2010 to 2015. The study met the ethical and legal guidelines, inherent in the research protocol involving human subjects, contained in Resolution No. 466/12, with protocol number CEP / UFCG: 1,547,887 and Hospital Albert Sabin: 1606051. Data were statistically analyzed using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. which were presented in tables and graphs to then be discussed in the light of the relevant literature to the theme. The results showed predominance of females (57.67%) compared to males (42.33%). The average age was found (13.77), ranging from 2 to 21 years. The metropolitan area of Fortaleza was representing the highest incidence of cases. Among the disease classification most are the oligoarticular and polyarticular rheumatoid factor negative way. No significant prevalence of reagents serologies Hepatitis A, B, C, HIV and Parvovirus B-19. While serology for Epstein-Barr virus-IgG, IgG Citomegalovirus-, Rubella IgG showed up reagents in a significant prevalence, suggesting a higher incidence of these infections in the middle, triggering the disease. The most affected joints were knees, ankles, wrists and elbow. It follows that it is necessary to consider different scenarios for the development of each of the forms of JIA. Thus, we corroborate with what has been described in the literature shows that there is a relationship between previous contact with these viruses and the onset of JIA.