Anfetaminas: efeitos, mecanismo de ação, usos clínicos e de abuso.

Abstract

The amphetamines are synthetic drugs, classified as psychotropic, with psychostimulant properties. Synthesized for the first time in Germany, by chemist Lazar Edeleanu in 1887. Brazil occupies a prominent position in world consumption of amphetamines, this attitude has been increasingly widespread in the middle of the population. The indiscriminate consumption one of the most important public health problems, considering the magnitude and the damages brought. Implying multiple effects and poisonings, ranging from inhibition of sleep, agitation, mydriasis, tachycardia, dizziness, hallucinations, coma and death. In relation to the use of indiscriminate and the high incidence, the aim of the present study is to describe the amphetamines and their derivatives used in society, describing the mechanism of action, the chemical and therapeutic use, as also indicate the effects of abusive use to users. According to the analysis of bibliographies observed in the literature, it was possible to see that there is a need for more studies that emphasize and contributes to the understanding of issues that involve self-medication and the health risks that they represent. Thus, an integrative literature review was performed, reviewing articles from journals, articles in the database, monographs, theses and dissertations of PhDs, among other works. The focus of the review has been in studies published in the last ten years, i.e. 2004 to 2014.