Investigação da presença de trombofilias em pacientes com complicações obstétricas.

Abstract

During the pregnancy, there are physiological adaptations, leading to a hypercoagulable state due to increased procoagulant activity and decrease of natural coagulation inhibitors. These alterations together with hereditary and acquired factors may result in the occurrence of obstetric complications, such as: repeated abortion, pre-eclampsia, intra-uterine growth restriction and thrombotic events. Several studies have shown interest in correlate the onset of these obstetric complications with the presence of thrombophilia, which é characterized by a multigenic disorder caused by hereditary or acquired defects that promote coagulation disorders, resulting in an increased risk of thrombosis. The presente study had the aim of accomplish a bibliographic review in order to perform an investigation about the presence of thrombophilia in patients with obstetric complications and to verify the prevalence of thrombophilia in patients during the pregnancy and assess the need for universal screening with laboratory investigation for thrombophilia. During the review were found in the databases PUBMED, LILACS and SCIELO articles that supported the theme of form comprehensive and clear, published 2005-2015, comprising a period of 10 years. The Thrombophilia most prevalent in association with a thrombotic event was the mutation of Factor V Leiden, with 14.2%. Whereas this same report attributed to recurrent abortion and fetal losses, shows a higher prevalence in association with deficiency of protein S, about 32%. Other thrombophilia been reported but less prevalent. However, recently published studies weren't unable of establish any consistent association between thrombophilia and obstetric complications. In relation to relevance of the thrombophilia screening before the pregnancy or as soon as pregnancy is diagnosed although very controversial, was seen as unfeasible.