Análise da percepção e impactos ambientais provenientes de efluentes brutos do matadouro público de Cuité-PB.

Abstract

Environmental impact is any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, resulting in whole or in part, of one or more environmental aspects of a system. To lay waste to the soil, air or water, they cause changes in the physical, chemical and biological this system, featuring the environmental impact. The slaughterhouse wastewater often contain substances in the digestive tract, blood, fat, faeces, tissue fragments or intestinal contents, among others, featuring a wastewater with a high concentration of organic waste (organic matter). Net slaughterhouse wastewater containing high load of organic waste, decaying come within hours of his generation, creating a negative image of the public in relation to these establishments, and that may be potentially contaminated with pathogenic organisms (viruses and bacteria). The biological activity dependent on the amount of organic matter in the soil, eliminates pathogens decomposes the organic material and other pollutants into simpler components (often less harmful) and contributes to maintaining the physical and biochemical properties of the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental impacts caused by the influence of effluent (waste) gross public slaughterhouse Cuité-PB vegetation, and soil and water conditions that impact the local ecosystem. Photograph was taken for analysis by observing points with significant changes, which were collected soil surface, soil 20 cm deep and effluent for evaluation of parameters such as MOT, pH, TDS, humidity, acidity, conductivity of the effluent to assess the extent and scope of the environmental impact caused. The area was evaluated from the initial point of eviction of slaughterhouse waste to the meeting with the main water supply affluent city where the slaughterhouse with a length of approximately 5.1 km. The analysis by the evolution of photographs decomposition process of organic matter contained in effluent shows that the direct reach of the effluent in the dry season, reaches a length of approximately 1,9 km, when the amount of MOT decreases, the pH increases, the surface of the soil and effluent while they percolate into the soil, to read MOT greater amount of soil 20 cm deep and changes derived from these changes in other parameters.