Gravidez na adolescência: sentido da formação profissional e expectativas de futuro.

Abstract

Adolescence is a fundamental phase in the process of human growth and development. And the sexuality is necessary not only to reproduction, but also to the welfare of the individual, should, therefore, be related to other aspects, as feelings, affection, dating, marriage, children, life’s Project, etc. In this context, the studies shows a growing in the indices pregnancy and changes in life’s perspectives. Thus, teenage pregnancy has become a health public problem, and the speeches about the subject has adopted a homogenizing and stigmatizing tone, emphasizing their negatives aspects. In this way, there is a need to rethink these speeches and actions of protection, health, education and social assistance to young mothers. In this regard, the present research analysed the future expectations and the meaning of professional education to teenage pregnant and in maternal period. Took part of this study 05 (Five) young women who were in pregnancy and/or maternal status. Used as instrument for data collection a semi- structured interview guide with objective questions which describe the socio- demographic profile of the participants, and subjective questions which evaluated the motherhood place in the constitution of teenagers subjectivity. Data were analysed according to the thematic content analysis, proposed by Minayo (2008). So, it was realized that motherhood is a fundamental event for the constitution of subjectivity of this teenagers, allowing the construction of ideals and the building of a future Project. It was also found that the teenagers has the wish to assume their responsibilities, united the role of carer, changing the daughter for the mother paper. The lack of information about the ideal moment to the exercise of sexuality was one of the factors found in this research, as well as the lack of orientation to the use of contraceptive methods. It was realized that, the personal and professional future of these young women has been harmed by unplanned pregnancy, but this is not associated with early pregnancy, other factors are related with this question, the labour market and the school are not prepared to receive the teenager mother. Labour laws, the means of Professional qualification, the Jobs vacancies do not include this population. Thus, the social-family support proved to be essential for these young women to give continuity to their studies, which contributes to the building of better possibilities for personal and professional ascension. It is hoped that this findings contribute to the practice of health professionals who assist pregnant and teenagers mothers in the different levels of care. The biggest challenge is to institute support measures and extensive incentives educational and socio-cultural to rescue the importance of these new experiences for this young woman, as well as, to continue their life projects, as their return to the school.