Imunização na terceira idade: um estudo acerca da adesão às vacinas.

Abstract

Population aging is one of the challenges of public health since the number of hospital admissions for diseases prevalent in old age. With the implementation of vaccination programs, the profile has changed, indicating a decrease in the incidence of various diseases Although there is a continuing disclosure on vaccination is still low adherence of the elderly. The main objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, compliance and proof of vaccines in the elderly. This is an exploratory, descriptive study with qualitative and quantitative approach, carried out between November 2013 and April 2014 with the elderly enrolled in Basic Health Unit St. Joseph/Post Primary Health Care. To collect data, we used a semi-structured interview as well as a roadmap observation record of immunization of older cards. Qualitative data were organized and categorized according to the technique of content analysis and quantitative data were presented in graphs and tables. Both were analyzed in light of the relevant literature. The research followed the Resolution 466/2012 of the National Board of Health participated in the study, 20 elderly, mostly women and married, only two had completed primary education and 18 lived with family members. In the categories it was realized that the knowledge of the elderly about vaccine revolved around prevention against disease, this being the main reason for compliance, however, largely answered empirically and limited fashion, since only associate the flu vaccine. Most said it was the vaccination days, but when verifying the records in vaccine design did not fit the data, as compared with routine vaccinations, only had record doses of dT and Hepatitis B. In the case vaccine campaign, there was a higher registration in 2013 against seasonal influenza, which most patients (17) joined the vaccine. However, that same year, only three have been vaccinated against pandemic influenza. Only two seniors reported having reactions to vaccines. Among the problems faced by the elderly to go to Basic Health Unit vaccinated were: being bedridden caregiver spouse, difficulty walking, disability, rheumatism and fear of falling. In addition, most had chronic disease. Although the elderly recognize the importance of vaccines in preventing disease, it is still low immunization coverage especially regarding routine vaccinations. It is considered that the extension of educational health interventions on immunization, monitoring of vaccination coverage is required, plus the active search for the elderly and frequent absentees analyze the vaccines of the same card as a way to improve the quality of life of Senior Citizens group.