Modelagem e controle do ângulo de passo de turbinas eólicas de velocidade variável.

Abstract

This paper is intended to provide a detailed description of wind turbine behavior to find a suitable model and also an algorithm that best suits your control. The work gradually shifts from a simple model used only for a global description of behavior to a complex system that integrates varying degrees of freedom and is more flexible for changes in control possibilities. It allows to study the production of electric energy until the characterization of the mechanical phenomena that affect the structure, thus making the system transparent for various diagnoses. The study brings more complexity by including the model of mechanical aspects, such as the tower exon and the movement of the blades. The proposed algorithms implemented in the MATLAB / SIMULINK tool are classic LQR, integral action LQR, integral action LQG, and perturbation estimated LQG, as they completely characterize the dynamics and behavior of the wind turbine. The controllers are built on knowledge of the working principles of variable pitch angle control wind turbines. As an alternative to the Proportional-Integral (PI) type controllers currently used, the The purpose of the control is to reduce the oscillations in the power generated by the turbine. Simulations of variations in wind speed incident on a wind turbine equipped with permanent magnet synchronous generators are performed, and the simulations prove the science of the controllers at the pitch angle.