Toxicidade de antranilamidas e espinosinas utilizadas em cultivo de cucurbitáceas sobre apis melífera (hymenoptera: apidae).

Abstract

The bee Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) is fundamental for pollination and, consequently, fruit production in several crops of agricultural importance in the world, such as cucurbitaceae. In recent decades there has been the disappearance of bees in agricultural areas, and the use of phytosanitary products, one of the main causes pointed to the decline of these pollinators. Thus, research to evaluate the toxicity of insecticides on bees is essential to support the preservation and sustainable use of pollinators in agricultural areas. The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of insecticides of the chemical groups Antranilamide and Spinosinas, at the recommended doses for the control of cucurbit pests on A. mellifera, by spraying the products on bees. The work was developed at the Laboratory of Entomology, belonging to the Center of Agrifood Sciences and Technology (CCTA) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Pombal - PB. To perform the work were used adult workers of A. mellifera from colonies belonging to the apiary UAGRA / CCTA / UFCG. The insecticides evaluated were: Antranilamide Chemical Group: Premio® - (Chlorantraniliprole), Benevia® - (Cyantraniliprole) and Voliam Targo® - (Chlorantraniliprole + Abamectin). Spinosine Chemical Group: Delegate® - (Spinetoran) and Tracer® - (Spinosad). These insecticides, with the exception of Premio® - (Chlorantraniliprole) which has a single dose recorded, were evaluated at the minimum and maximum doses recommended for cucurbit pest control. The exposure of the bees to the compounds was accomplished by direct spraying of the products on the insects. For each insecticide, mortality and adverse effects on bee behavior were evaluated over a period of 72 hours. It was observed that the insecticides Clorantraniliprole + Abamectin, Espinetoram and Espinosade, regardless of the dose used, were extremely toxic to A. mellifera via direct spray. The insecticide Clorantraniliprole was the least toxic on A. mellifera.