Cuidados e seguimento do recém-nascido prematuro e de baixo peso após a alta.

Abstract

The prematurity is currently shown as the main concern of neonatal health , either because of their incidence or to be the main cause of morbidity and mortality , causing several functional disorders in survivors . One of the aspects that are directly linked with the survival of these newborns is the process after the discharged. The study aimed to: general - Understand how to place the monitoring and care of the newborn premature and/or low birth weight newborn by parents and/or family after the discharged ; specific - characterize the profile of the premature infants and/or underweight graduates of the Institute of Health Elpídio de Almeida , in the last quarter of 2012 , to identify which were the information and/or instructions given by the nursing staff to the parents and/or family face to the care and monitoring of these newborns after the discharged, and to establish if they have been developed at home . The research is descriptive and exploratory ,with qualitative approach , developed at the Institute of Health Elpidio de Almeida , Campina Grande - PB. Participated voluntarily in the study mothers of preterm newborns and/or low weight in discharged from the Institute in the last quarter of 2012 . The data were collected in two stage , the first was developed through a questionnaire to the medical records of the newborns The second stage occurred through interviews with mothers . For data analysis we used the methodology of Categorical Content Analysis. As result of the characterization of the newborn identified relationship between prematurity and low weight with perinatal and antenatal care factors. The unfolding of the analysis revealed seven themes: Care of the newborn preterm and/or low weight carried by the mother at home; Guidelines performed by nursing staff regarding care of the newborn premature and/or low weight after discharged ; Guidelines performed by nursing staff regarding the monitoring and follow-up of newborn premature and/or low weight after discharge ; Lack of professional guidance regarding tracking and monitoring of the newborn premature and/or low weight after discharge ; realization of monitoring the child's premature and/or low weight after discharge , not the follow up of preterm infants and/or low weight after discharge and maternal perception of the importance of monitoring the premature infant and/or low weight after discharge . It was identified that the guidelines provided by the nursing staff regarding the monitoring and care of the newborn after discharge did not meet fully the needs guidance of mothers in caring for the newborn at home. The factors involved with not performing the action baby, among them the lack of information regarding the importance of such assistance. Guidelines when not done properly, negatively affect the health care of this population, compromising the health of these children and their quality of life after hospital discharge .