Recuperação de solo salino-sódico e rendimento da cultura de arroz irrigado (Oryza sativa L.).

Abstract

An experiment was installed in the saline sodic soil in Irrigated Perimeter of Sao Goncalo, during the period of November 1996 at April 1997, with the objective to evaluate effects of different products in chemical properties and posterior reflexes on the production components and grain of irrigated rice crop (Oryza saliva L.J. A completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and five replications was adapted for the experiment. The following treatments were studied: T] - Gypsum (201 ha"1); T 2 - Rice husk (15 t ha"1); T 3 - Control; T4 - Stillage (40 m3 ha"1) and Ts - Farmyard manure (40 t ha"1). After the soil preparation the products were incorporated to soil and leached during 40 days, maintaining a water layer of 8cm. Aferwards rice seedlings were transplanted 3 per whole, with a spacing of 0,25 x 0,10 m, maintaing a initial water layer. The evaluated treatments studied showed significant effects on chemical soil properties (exchangeable sodium percentage - ESP, electrical conductivity and pH), application of farmyard manure and gypsum, resulted in appreciable decrease in comparison to other treatments. All the products utilized showed significant effect on components of production and yield of rice which varied between 3.3 and 8.8 t ha"1, depending on treatment. The soil analysis after the rice crop, indicated that the crop too promoted a reduction in ESP of soil in all the treatments.