Adesão ao tratamento do diabetes mellitus: uma investigação com usuários da estratégia saúde da família de Cuité - PB.

Abstract

The Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes in group of metabolic diseases with significant importance clinic and epidemiological, setting itself in a problem public health around the world not only by its chronicity and high prevalence, but also by impact caused on the health of those who not adheres of way satisfactory the treatment. If for one hand the adherence to therapeutic plan promotes the reduce of the glycemic levels and consequently of complications, on the other remains considered an obstacle by require lifestyle changes of the affected by the disease. The purpose of this study is evaluate the therapeutic adherence of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) followed by the Family Health Strategy in the City of Cuité, Paraiba. It is an Exploratory and descriptive study with quantitative approach carried out with 72 patients with DM enrolled and followed up by two Family Health Units in the city of Cuité, Paraiba. After the approved of study by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Alcides Carneiro University Hospital (CEP/HUAC) under number 258.310. Data were collected in April of 2013 through a questionnaire of overall assessment of the adherence the treatment and other questionnaire specific of adherence, the Morisk-Green. The result were analyzed descriptively and submitted in tables and graphs to systematize the discussion and improve the understanding. Based on data obtained the most of the participants is females, has between 51 to 61 years old, married, illiterate, with family income of 01 to 02 minimum wages and retired. Regarding the aspect of adherence to treatment, the most part of the participants showed in the last result of the blood glucose above 126 mg/dL, has diagnosed the disease in less than 05 years, almost never follows the prescribed diet, doesn't perform physical activities, the treatment is done through oral hypoglycemic agents, performs glucose control regularly, attend to health services every three months, has trouble following the diet and exercise, receive family support to pursue treatment and presents as the main complication hypoglycemia. Regarding to medication adherence the vast majority (83,5%) find itself in optimum level or average. There is no denying the complexity of adherence to diabetes treatment plan, there is a significant deficit by the patients regarding to the demand of behavioral changes related to lifestyle. It becomes necessary, therefore, a higher efficiency and commitment of the family health team to sensitize and to do monitoring these patients, promoting a more efficient and satisfactory adherence to treatment.