Fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares: identificando a exposição de idosos assistidos na estratégia saúde da família.

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), defined as a group of diseases that affect the circulatory system, represent an important public health problem because of its complexity and magnitude. For its multifactorial etiology, it is necessary to know which risk factors are exposed the elderly, in order to enable the development and implementation of strategies for health promotion and cardiovascular diseases prevention. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify risk factors for cardiovascular disease they are exposed elderly assisted in the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of Cuité - PB. This is an exploratory study with a quantitative approach, with sample of 70 elderly, 50% male and 50% female. After approval of the research by the Ethics Committee of the Centre for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (CCS / UFPB) beneath opinion nº.202.268, data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of two parts: sociodemographic and economic factors and cardiovascular risk. The results were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables and graphs in order to systematize the discussion and facilitate understanding. The results show that most seniors have between 60 and 69 years old, married, illiterate, has family income one or two salary and are farmers pensioned. Regarding risk factors, 45.72% are overweight and / or obese; 97.15% women and 77.13% of men have waist circumference above acceptable standards; 42.86% had normal levels of pressure blood glucose and 47.62%, 85.7% are not smokers and 91.4% not consume alcohol, 51.4% are physically inactive, 31% of men showed average level of stress and 34% of women high level; 54.2% are hypertensive and makes regular treatment, while 81.4% reported not having diabetes, and 66% had no family history of CVD. The percentage of participants with two or more risk factors totals 95.85%, with greater frequency among women (99.41%). From the data collected, it is observed that the elderly are exposed to several risk factors for developing CVD, and this percentage is higher in women, which creates the need to strengthen the health care programs that reinforce the importance of prevention risk factors for cardiovascular disease.