Aleitamento materno: identificando a prática e os fatores determinantes para o desmame precoce.

Abstract

It is undeniable that acquiring healthy eating habits contribute decisively to a good state of health of the child. Breast milk is considered the ideal food for children in the first six months of life, when he was backed by the nutritional properties he owns, justifying exclusive breastfeeding until six months of age. In this perspective, the objective of this study was to determine the type of breastfeeding and risk factors for weaning children up to the first half of life users of the Family Health Strategy in the municipality of cuite-PB. This is a cross-sectional study quantitative and qualitative, in the municipality of cuite - Paraíba with 50 mothers of children in the first half of life, enrolled in Family Health Strategy. To collect data, we used a questionnaire with objective and subjective questions, which addressed aspects sociodemographic, antenatal and obstetric and aspects related to breastfeeding (breastfeeding benefits for mother and child health, motivations related to early weaning and dietary pattern). To classify the type of breastfeeding used the Recall Food Consumption 24h. For quantitative analysis was used EpiInfo version 5.4.3, being performed chi-square test with a confidence interval of 95%. In qualitative data analysis used the technique Minayo under the thematic. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Alcides Carneiro (HUAC) CAAE: 09960113.7.0000.5182. The results showed eating patterns inappropriate for the age group studied, where 38.0% were exclusively breastfed, 10.0% were predominantly breastfed, 8.0% and 4.0% in mixed and supplemented, respectively. It was also found that the risk factors related to early weaning were related to socio demographic, cultural (family influence, myths and beliefs) and biological (cracked nipple and breast engorgement). Despite the maternal recognition of the benefits of breastfeeding for the health of mother and child, these aspects were more blunt about the perspective of the child, being restricted to the maternal benefits. Participants also voiced dissatisfaction about the support offered by health professionals regarding breastfeeding. The results emphasize the importance of improving the dietary patterns of children aged up to six months in the county searched. Furthermore, it is important that health education strategies can be better structured to prioritize the needs of an individual to maternal breastfeeding becomes a valued and respected practice.