A descentralização do teste rápido do HIV para a atenção básica sob a ótica de enfermeiros.

Abstract

AIDS was identified in the early 1980s, and manisfeta up the body after infection with the HIV virus, the disease has spread across the world becoming a pandemic. Since then, various measures are being taken to control the disease in Brazil. Decentralization comes to health services, and as part of this strategy, rapid testing for HIV is being done in basic health units, allowing greater control through early diagnosis, as a practical and fast execution, the basic conditions for physical structure, are able to identify the presence of antibodies against HIV viruses in 30 minutes. In addition, the decentralization of control of infection with HIV seeking greater planning and implementation of the planned actions at the municipal health, ensuring the quality of care in the fields of prevention, protection and treatment. Analyze the perceptions of nurses, the process of decentralization of rapid HIV testing for basic health units in two cities of Paraiba Curimataú. This was an exploratory descriptive research qualitative approach performed with 08 nurses working in primary health care in urban areas of the municipalities of Cuité and Picuí-PB. Data collection was conducted during June and July 2013. The instrument used for data collection was a semi-structured interview guide, divided into two parts: the first, for purposes of performing the sociodemographic characteristics and the second, in order to meet the objectives pertaining to the object of study. For the treatment of qualitative data we used the technique of content analysis in thematic. The research protocol was approved by the Ethics and Research of the University Hospital Alcides Carneiro CAAE under no. XX. A Thematic Unit Central was defined from the detailed analysis of the speeches of the participants, calling themselves "Decentralization, rapid HIV testing and primary care: knowledge and reflections of nurses." To facilitate further discussion about the unit, using the technique of content analysis, thematic modality in three categories emerged: Defining Decentralization in Primary, there was the knowledge of the professionals working in primary care about the decentralization of rapid HIV testing for the same; Decentralization of rapid HIV testing in primary care: reality or utopia? That we might know the reality experienced in practice and the examination; and Revealing strengths and weaknesses of the decentralization of rapid HIV testing for primary care, where we analyze the speeches of the participants the main strengths and weaknesses of this process . Through the opportunity to hear the nurses, it was possible to understand the universe of issues that pervade the effectiveness of this process, as the results presented in this study show the need for a preliminary assessment of the conditions of health services in our country, the ability of states and municipalities to provide maintenance of their duties, and the perspective of the professionals, before a new proposal is lançada. It is essential to move forward in the process of continuing education so that we can radicalize decentralization. Thus, it is suggested that further study regarding the evaluation of this new health policy.