Arte de partejar: quem protagoniza a cena?.

Abstract

The labor and delivery have changed significantly over the decades, the transformation of the obstetric triggered a strong socio-cultural change, what was experienced at home as a family event and naturally gave rise to physiological hospital deliveries, replacing the cultural richness care midwife by increasingly invasive procedures. The ritual of childbirth so full of grace, ease and affection, was crushed by hospital routines and patterns. Given this condition is necessary to understand how this change has altered the perception of women in relation to labor and birth and how maternal and child health has occurred in the scenario where current obstetric women often ceases to be the protagonist of his own to parity will comply with institutional rules. Thus, this study aims to: verify, by verbal reports, the degree of autonomy of women outside the labor and birth; Discuss the methods used by health professionals or other persons during labor and birth; Identify and compare practices of empowerment for the mother during labor, used in the evolutionary line. This study used a qualitative approach to the exploratory and descriptive. The technique for collection of empirical data based on the thematic oral history conceptualized in Meihy (2002). The research took place in the city of Nova Floresta - PB, with the subject of analysis 3 primiparous women from three different generations who gave their children the light vaginally in the home or hospital. Data were collected in the interviewees' own homes during the months of February and March 2012. Analysis of data was based on the performance of the phases that make up the thematic oral history (Meihy, 2002), and was guided by the vital tone of the narratives of each respondent, being discussed on the basis of relevant literature. The evaluation of the material allowed us to identify the context in which falls attention to both mother and child, as well as observing the perception of women in relation to labor and birth of the factors contributing to their condition before parturition. The elements found, considering the analysis were initially divided into three categories: Loneliness, misinformation and lack of assistance. The data showed that how the care at delivery and birth walked to get to today is still far from idealized, rescue the female protagonist is an essential factor in that there is a reconstruction of an obstetric model based on different principles of humanization and that depends on all those involved in this singular moment, including nursing professionals who work with pregnant women in the ace 'before, during and after' birth and were taken by MS as key to the birth worthy.