Tratamento de resíduos sólidos perigosos contendo cromo através do processo de estabilização por solidificação.

Abstract

Solidification stabilization is used as an alternative to transform hazardous waste (Class I) into non-hazardous (Class IIA or IIB) before disposal in an industrial landfill. The objective of this work will be to treat hazardous solid waste containing chromium by the solidification stabilization process. The work was divided into three stages, in the first one the solid solid waste containing chromium was produced and classified as hazardous (Class I). In the second stage, solidification of the hazardous solid waste with its chromium-containing treatments was performed and evaluated by integrity / durability tests and immobilization of contaminants. In the third stage, the destination route of the solidified stabilized material was determined. In this work we adopted planning 22 with 3 central points, the factors adopted were percentage of synthetic solid residue and cure time. For the percentage factor of waste were adopted 5%, 12.5% ​​and 20% (central point 12.5% ​​of residue), for the factor of time were adopted 1, 4 and 7 days of cure (central point of 4 days). The results showed that the solid residue synthetic metal containing chromium metal has been classified as a hazardous material (Class I), being above the maximum allowable limit, for the leaching test, according to the Brazilian Waste Standard (NBR 10.005) [ABNT, 2004]. After treatment the material stabilized by solidification from hazardous (Class I) to non-hazardous (Class II), being evaluated by solubilization assay as Class IIA (non-inert). The materials have passed the integrity / durability test, achieving compressive strength above 10 MPa for all specimens. In heavy metal retention efficiency chrome, the results were satisfactory, with retention for all treatments over 99%. According to the evaluation protocol the final material was classified as stabilized by restriction solidification.