Modelagem e simulação de reatores de craqueamento catalítico do petróleo utilizando o software CFX.

Abstract

In the processing of the petroleum, the catalytic cracking unit is of basic importance. In this unit, the fractions of low agpegate value are transformed into fractions of high commercial value. The main reactor of the FCC (riser), depending on the operational and geometric conditions can present different characteristics, such as: high concentration at the wall, descending movement in the area of high concentration that directly affects the conversion and the selectivity in gasoline, while is the main product of interest. The simulation of the fluid dynamic behavior, and of the reaction kinetic, is of basic importance in the development and optimization of the process. The objectives of this dissertation are the implementation of the kinetic theory model for the granular materials in the commercial code CFX, product of AEA TECHNOLOGY, to test the model in cases with the main characteristic differences of these reactors (cold risers), and also to test a kinetic model that can be coupled to the fluid dynamics model. Three cases from the literature were used for verification of the model, in the fluid dynamic study, and the ten lumps model was tested In the study of the conversion in the reactor. The ten lumps model revealed adequate to be coupled with to the fluid dynamic model, while this revealed capable of to simulate the different characteristics of the three studied C9.S6S.