Extração de ánions cloretos presentes nas águas do açude boqueirão do cais que abastece a cidade de Cuité - PB utilizando microemulsões.

Abstract

Water is a natural resource of inestimable value. More than one input essential for production and a strategic resource for economic development, it is vital to the maintenance of biological, geological and chemical cycles that maintain balanced ecosystems. It is also a cultural reference and a social good is essential for adequate quality of life of the population. But the big problem of the water from the city of Abu is the great concentration of anions, which makes hard water, improper for consumption. This work aimed to extract the Chlorides anions in waters of the Boqueirão dam of caís and the city, located in the municipality of Cuité -PB. Being microemulsions an alternative to extract the anions present in water. Studies were conducted on the extraction of anions using microemulsionados systems composed of Surfactant, Cotensoativo, aqueous Phase and oil Phase. The extraction was performed in Winsor pseudoternário diagram II. To complete this tra.For realization of this work were made with the intention of MicroEmulsion diagrams to evaluate micro-regions. The constituents used in the construction of the diagrams were as follows: 01 System formed by surfactant-dodecilamina chloride, cotensoativo-isopropyl alcohol, oily phase- kerosene and aqueous phase from the point of the dam. 02 system formed by surfactant- dodecilamina chloride, cotensoativo-isopropanol, oily phase-kerosene and aqueous phase point of the city. These systems were named in order to determine the regions of Winsor and choose extraction points and reextração in the region of Winsor II. The study was carried out in stages, which were from the collection of water in the reservoir and in the houses, the characterization of water, surfactant, microemulsionados systems development until the extraction of anions by MicroEmulsion. The percentages of extraction of chloride anions reached a value of 100%. At reextração we At reextração we use a solution of hydrochloric acid. The percentage of reextração anions reached a value of 85%, a result that is satisfactory.