Caracterização de biodiesel etílico de pinhão-manso e sebo bovino.

Abstract

The need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from burning fossil fuels and finding renewable energy sources puts biofuels in a prominent position with respect to the replacement of petroleum-derived fuels. Biodiesel may be produced from various raw materials, especially soybean oil, cotton, sunflower, palm oil and animal fat. The biodiesel from jatropha and tallow were obtained by the transesterification reaction, using catalyst prepared with 1,0 and 1,5% of potassium hydroxide, respectively, dissolved in ethanol, 1:9 molar ratio oil / alcohol. The aim of this work was the characterization of biodiesel from jatropha and beef tallow, obtained by transesterification alcoholic, using this chromatographic techniques, spectroscopic, and thermogravimetric properties specified in the rules of the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). The index values of acidity, viscosity and density of biodieseis jatropha and tallow were within the limits set by the Technical Regulation N ° 04/2012 of ANP. The gas chromatography indicated that the ester content of biodiesel from jatropha (98.97%) was highe han the limit specified by the ANP, while the ester content of biodiesel from tallow (90.15%) was lower. The TG data indicated that biodiesel from beef tallow was more stable than that of jatropha because it has in its composition a high content of saturated esters.