Extração de íons metálicos (Ni2+, Fe3+ e Cr3+) por microemulsão.

Abstract

Currently microemulsion media have attracted great interest in studies. This sedeve in part to its great potential and industrial applications. The microemulsions are systems in place that allows the solubilization between liquids of different polarities. This allows us to solubilize a variety of applications. In this context stand out applications such as enhanced oil recovery, solubilization of waxes, motor lubricants, cosmetics and enzymes, the purification using the interfacial surface for extraction of metals and controlled release of proteins and drugs. Studies were conducted on the removal of Chromium, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Nickel and lead using the microemulsion systems composed of: saponified coconut oil (surfactant), butanol (cotensoativo), kerosene (oil phase) and aqueous phase consisting of saline water (2% NaCl) containing the metal under study. The extraction was carried out in the Winsor II region in the diagram and provided pseudoternário extraction percentage higher than 98% for all metals. The reextração was performed using HCl (8M) as agent reextraction. For this study were made diagrams of microemulsions in order to evaluate the regions of microemulsion. The components used to construct the diagrams are as follows: System 01: formed by surfactant - OCS, cotensoativo - isopropyl alcohol, the oil phase - kerosene and the aqueous phase - NiCl20, 1g/L.Sistema 02: formed by surfactant - OCS, cotensoativo - isopropyl alcohol, the oil phase - kerosene and the aqueous phase - FeCl30, 1g/L.Sistema 03: formed by surfactant - OCS, cotensoativo - isopropyl alcohol, the oil phase - kerosene and the aqueous phase - CrCl3 0.1 g / L. These systems were called to order to determine the regions of Winsor and choose points of extraction and reextraction Winsor II region. The results show that the percentage extraction was satisfactory, reaching values close to 100% for all systems worked. The percentage of extraction by microemulsion method were analyzed by atomic absorption of the aqueous phase. Reextraction was made with a view to re-use of metals in other applications.